📘 ICT (Information and Communication Technology) – UGC NET Paper 1
यह अनुभाग UGC NET Paper 1 के लिए ICT यूनिट से संबंधित 10 महत्वपूर्ण टॉपिक/लेक्चर को कवर करता है। यह अत्यंत उपयोगी और परीक्षा केंद्रित सामग्री से भरपूर है — विशेष रूप से Teaching, Research & Communication सेक्शन के लिए।
📘 NTA UGC NET Paper 1 – ICT Complete Lecture Series
इस तालिका में ICT यूनिट (Unit 08) के सभी 10 Lecture Notes दिए गए हैं। प्रत्येक टॉपिक पर विस्तृत बाइलिंगुअल नोट्स, उदाहरण, और MCQs शामिल हैं।
| Lecture | Topic | Click to View |
|---|---|---|
| 01 | Introduction to ICT | यहाँ क्लिक करें |
| 02 | ICT Abbreviations & Terminology | यहाँ क्लिक करें |
| 03 | ICT Tools in Teaching & Learning | यहाँ क्लिक करें |
| 04 | Types of Computers, Memory & Storage | यहाँ क्लिक करें |
| 05 | Internet, Email, Cloud, Search Engines | यहाँ क्लिक करें |
| 06 | MS Word, Excel, PowerPoint | यहाँ क्लिक करें |
| 07 | Digital Initiatives in Higher Education | यहाँ क्लिक करें |
| 08 | ICT Security: Virus, Firewall, Encryption | यहाँ क्लिक करें |
| 09 | MS Office, Google Tools, OSS | यहाँ क्लिक करें |
| 10 | ICT in Research: e-Resources, Databases | यहाँ क्लिक करें |
| Lecture No. | Title / विषय | Link | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lecture 01 | Introduction to ICT | ICT का परिचय | 📘 यहाँ क्लिक करें |
| Term | Full Form | Use |
|---|---|---|
| ICT | Information and Communication Technology | Overall field |
| URL | Uniform Resource Locator | Web address |
| LAN | Local Area Network | Small area connection |
| ISP | Internet Service Provider | Provides internet |
| HTML | HyperText Markup Language | Website coding language |
🧠 MCQs – Practice Questions for UGC NET
-
What is the full form of ICT?
(a) Information and Central Technology
(b) International Communication Technology
(c) Information and Communication Technology
(d) Internet and Computer Technology
Answer: (c) Information and Communication Technology -
Which one of the following is an example of hardware?
(a) Windows
(b) Internet
(c) Monitor
(d) Gmail
Answer: (c) Monitor -
Which of the following are uses of ICT in education?
(a) Teaching with multimedia
(b) Online assessment
(c) E-learning modules
(d) All of the above
Answer: (d) All of the above -
Which of the following is a network device?
(a) Scanner
(b) Projector
(c) Router
(d) Keyboard
Answer: (c) Router
Correct Answer: (c) Monitor
📚 निष्कर्ष (Conclusion):
आज के डिजिटल युग में ICT न केवल शिक्षा के क्षेत्र में, बल्कि शासन, व्यवसाय, सामाजिक विकास आदि में भी अभिन्न बन चुका है। UGC NET परीक्षा में ICT यूनिट से लगभग 5 प्रश्न पूछे जाते हैं, इसलिए इसकी बुनियादी अवधारणाओं को स्पष्ट रूप से समझना आवश्यक है।
✍️ Prepared by: Law Order & Civil Rights | Source: NTA UGC NET Syllabus & Digital India Resources:contentReference[oaicite:0]{index=0}
📘 Lecture 02: Important ICT Abbreviations and Terminology | प्रमुख ICT शब्दावली
English: In ICT, abbreviations and terminology play a vital role. They help simplify complex technical expressions and are frequently asked in UGC NET examinations in the form of matching columns, one-liner questions, or MCQs.
हिंदी: ICT में प्रयुक्त संक्षेपाक्षर और शब्दावली (Abbreviations & Terminology) बहुत महत्वपूर्ण होती हैं। ये तकनीकी शब्दों को सरल बनाती हैं और UGC NET परीक्षा में बार-बार पूछी जाती हैं।
UGC NET Paper 1 Mock Test (21 August 2024) – 50 Bilingual Questions with Answers & Explanations📝 Most Important ICT Abbreviations
| Abbreviation | Full Form | Use / क्षेत्र |
|---|---|---|
| ICT | Information and Communication Technology | Overall Technology |
| URL | Uniform Resource Locator | Web Address |
| HTTP | Hyper Text Transfer Protocol | Web Communication |
| IP | Internet Protocol | Networking |
| ISP | Internet Service Provider | Internet Access |
| LAN | Local Area Network | Small Network |
| WAN | Wide Area Network | Large Network |
| Wi-Fi | Wireless Fidelity | Wireless Networking |
| HTML | Hyper Text Markup Language | Website Design |
| Portable Document Format | Document Sharing |
📘 Some More Useful ICT Terms | अन्य उपयोगी शब्द:
- Modem: Device that connects your computer to the internet.
- Firewall: Security system that monitors and controls incoming/outgoing network traffic.
- Cloud Computing: Delivery of computing services (like storage, databases, servers) over the internet.
- Plagiarism: Copying someone’s content without citation (important in online education).
- Encryption: Process of converting data into a secure code to prevent unauthorized access.
🧠 MCQs – Practice Questions for UGC NET
-
What is the full form of PDF?
(a) Public Document Format
(b) Portable Document Format
(c) Private Data File
(d) Personal Data Form
Answer: (b) Portable Document Format -
Which of the following is NOT an Internet protocol?
(a) HTTP
(b) FTP
(c) ISP
(d) TCP
Answer: (c) ISP -
What is the use of HTML?
(a) Drawing
(b) Database
(c) Web designing
(d) Networking
Answer: (c) Web designing
🎯 निष्कर्ष (Conclusion):
UGC NET परीक्षा में ICT abbreviations से सीधे प्रश्न पूछे जाते हैं। विद्यार्थियों को चाहिए कि वे 40–50 प्रमुख शॉर्ट फॉर्म को अच्छी तरह याद रखें, विशेषकर HTML, HTTP, LAN, WAN, URL, ISP, IP, ICT आदि से संबंधित।
✍️ Prepared by: Law Order & Civil Rights | Source: UGC NET Syllabus + Previous Year Papers:contentReference[oaicite:0]{index=0}
📘 Lecture 03: ICT Tools in Teaching & Learning | शिक्षण और अधिगम में ICT उपकरण
English: ICT tools are essential in transforming traditional teaching methods into modern, interactive, and learner-centered approaches. ICT tools enhance access to education, support teachers in instructional delivery, and help learners in better retention and engagement.
हिंदी: शिक्षण और अधिगम में ICT उपकरणों का उपयोग पारंपरिक शिक्षा पद्धति को आधुनिक, संवादात्मक और छात्र-केंद्रित बनाने में सहायक होता है। ये उपकरण शिक्षकों की सहायता करते हैं और छात्रों को विषयवस्तु को बेहतर समझने और याद रखने में मदद करते हैं।
🔹 Major ICT Tools Used in Education | प्रमुख ICT शिक्षण उपकरण
- 🖥️ Projectors: Presentations and visual learning in classrooms.
- 📺 Smart Boards: Interactive whiteboards for engaging lessons.
- 📱 Mobile Apps: Like Byju's, Khan Academy, Diksha for e-learning.
- 💻 LMS (Learning Management Systems): Moodle, Google Classroom, Blackboard
- 📡 Video Conferencing Tools: Zoom, Google Meet, Microsoft Teams
- 🧠 Multimedia Content: Audio, video, simulations, animations
- 📚 MOOCs Platforms: SWAYAM, Coursera, NPTEL
📊 Benefits of ICT Tools in the Teaching Process
- ✅ Improved engagement and interactivity in classrooms
- ✅ Accessibility for differently-abled learners
- ✅ Real-time feedback and assessment tools
- ✅ Encourages self-paced and personalized learning
- ✅ Develops 21st-century digital skills in learners
🧑🏫 ICT Tools for Teachers:
- 📖 Google Forms: Assessment and quizzes
- 🧮 MS Excel: Result analysis, grade calculation
- 🖼️ Canva: Creating presentations and posters
- 📘 PDF Annotator / Evernote: Lecture notes & class planning
- 📊 PowerPoint: Teaching through slide-based content
🎓 Digital Initiatives Supporting ICT in India:
- 🛰️ NKN (National Knowledge Network)
- 🧾 National Digital Library (NDLI)
- 🎥 e-PG Pathshala
- 📺 SWAYAM Prabha DTH channels
- 📲 DIKSHA mobile app
🧠 MCQs – Practice Questions for UGC NET
-
Which of the following is an ICT tool used for classroom teaching?
(a) Chalk and Blackboard
(b) Overhead Projector
(c) Smart Board
(d) Whiteboard Marker
Answer: (c) Smart Board -
Google Forms is commonly used for:
(a) Attendance
(b) Audio lectures
(c) Assessment and quizzes
(d) Lesson planning
Answer: (c) Assessment and quizzes -
Which Indian platform offers free MOOCs for students?
(a) BYJU'S
(b) Unacademy
(c) SWAYAM
(d) Vedantu
Answer: (c) SWAYAM
🎯 निष्कर्ष (Conclusion):
ICT उपकरणों का उपयोग आज की शिक्षा में अपरिहार्य हो गया है। ये न केवल शिक्षकों को दक्ष बनाते हैं, बल्कि छात्रों को अधिक प्रेरित और सीखने में सक्षम बनाते हैं। UGC NET परीक्षा में इन उपकरणों से संबंधित प्रत्यक्ष प्रश्न पूछे जाते हैं।
Important Guessing Questions for NTA UGC NET June 2025✍️ Prepared by: Law Order & Civil Rights | Source: UGC NET Syllabus + Indian ICT Initiatives:contentReference[oaicite:0]{index=0}
📘 Lecture 04: Types of Computers, Memory & Storage Devices | कंप्यूटर के प्रकार, मेमोरी व स्टोरेज डिवाइस
English: Computers are classified based on size, purpose, and power. In ICT, understanding the types of computers, internal memory, and external storage is important. UGC NET frequently asks questions on RAM, ROM, secondary storage, and their functions.
हिंदी: कंप्यूटर को उनके आकार, उद्देश्य और प्रोसेसिंग क्षमता के अनुसार वर्गीकृत किया जाता है। ICT में कंप्यूटर के प्रकारों के साथ-साथ मेमोरी और स्टोरेज डिवाइस की जानकारी आवश्यक होती है। UGC NET में इससे संबंधित प्रश्न बार-बार पूछे जाते हैं।
💻 Types of Computers | कंप्यूटर के प्रकार
- 📱 Microcomputer: Personal Computers, Laptops – छोटे कार्यों के लिए
- 📟 Minicomputer: Medium-scale business और server आधारित कार्यों में
- 🖥️ Mainframe: बड़ी संस्थाओं, बैंकों में large data processing के लिए
- 🧠 Supercomputer: Scientific और space research जैसे high computation tasks के लिए
🧠 Memory in Computers | कंप्यूटर में मेमोरी
Memory is the component of a computer that stores data temporarily or permanently.
- 🟦 Primary Memory (Main Memory): RAM (Volatile), ROM (Non-volatile)
- 🟨 Secondary Memory: Hard Disk, SSD, CDs, Pen Drives
- 🟩 Cache Memory: Very fast, stores frequently used data
- 🟥 Virtual Memory: Part of the hard disk used as RAM
| Type | Definition | Example |
|---|---|---|
| RAM | Temporary memory used during program execution | DDR4 8GB RAM |
| ROM | Permanent memory storing booting instructions | BIOS |
| SSD | Fast secondary memory without moving parts | Solid State Drive |
| Hard Disk | Stores operating system, files and software | HDD 1TB |
📦 Storage Devices | भंडारण उपकरण
- 💾 Magnetic Storage: Hard Disk Drives (HDD), Magnetic tapes
- 💿 Optical Storage: CD, DVD, Blu-Ray
- 🔋 Flash Storage: SSD, USB drives, Memory cards
- ☁️ Cloud Storage: Google Drive, OneDrive, Dropbox
🧠 MCQs – Practice Questions for UGC NET
-
Which of the following is a volatile memory?
(a) ROM
(b) RAM
(c) SSD
(d) HDD
Answer: (b) RAM -
What is the full form of SSD?
(a) Software Storage Disk
(b) Smart Secure Disk
(c) Solid State Drive
(d) Static Storage Device
Answer: (c) Solid State Drive -
Which of the following is an example of secondary storage?
(a) Cache memory
(b) Pen Drive
(c) ROM
(d) Register
Answer: (b) Pen Drive
🎯 निष्कर्ष (Conclusion):
UGC NET में RAM, ROM, SSD, Cache memory जैसे topics से अक्सर conceptual प्रश्न पूछे जाते हैं। विद्यार्थियों को कंप्यूटर की मूल संरचना और मेमोरी सिस्टम की स्पष्ट समझ होनी चाहिए।
✍️ Prepared by: Law Order & Civil Rights | Source: NTA NET ICT Syllabus + Teaching Tools:contentReference[oaicite:0]{index=0}
📘 Lecture 05: Internet, Email, Cloud & Search Engines | इंटरनेट, ईमेल, क्लाउड व सर्च इंजन
English: The Internet is the backbone of modern ICT. Email, cloud computing, and search engines are core tools used in communication, education, and governance. Understanding these technologies is essential for NET aspirants and educators.
हिंदी: इंटरनेट आज की सूचना और संचार तकनीक (ICT) की रीढ़ है। ईमेल, क्लाउड कंप्यूटिंग और सर्च इंजन शिक्षण, संवाद और प्रशासन में मुख्य भूमिका निभाते हैं। UGC NET में इनसे संबंधित प्रश्न अक्सर पूछे जाते हैं।
🌐 Internet – Overview | इंटरनेट क्या है?
- Definition: A global system of interconnected networks that use TCP/IP protocol to link devices worldwide.
- Use: Email, Browsing, Education, E-commerce, Governance
- Key Terms: IP address, HTTP, ISP, URL, Bandwidth
- Protocols: TCP/IP, FTP, HTTP, HTTPS, SMTP
📧 Email (Electronic Mail)
- Definition: Digital method for sending messages through internet
- Components: Email ID, Inbox, Drafts, Attachment, Subject Line
- Protocols: SMTP (Send), POP3/IMAP (Receive)
- Examples: Gmail, Yahoo Mail, Outlook
☁️ Cloud Computing
- Definition: Accessing computing services like storage, software, and servers via the internet
- Types: IaaS (Infrastructure), PaaS (Platform), SaaS (Software)
- Examples: Google Drive, Dropbox, Microsoft Azure, AWS
- Advantages: Scalability, Accessibility, Cost-effective, Data Backup
🔎 Search Engines
- Definition: Software systems that search information on the World Wide Web
- Examples: Google, Bing, Yahoo, DuckDuckGo
- Search Engine Optimization (SEO): Process to improve visibility in search results
- Search Operators: "AND", "OR", "NOT", Quotes ("") for exact match
📌 Internet Safety Tips | इंटरनेट सुरक्षा सुझाव
- Use strong passwords & enable 2-step verification
- Be cautious of phishing emails & suspicious links
- Use antivirus and firewall software
- Backup important data in cloud securely
🧠 MCQs – Practice Questions for UGC NET
-
Which protocol is used to send email?
(a) FTP
(b) HTTP
(c) SMTP
(d) IMAP
Answer: (c) SMTP -
Which one is NOT a cloud service provider?
(a) Amazon Web Services
(b) Google Drive
(c) Firefox
(d) Microsoft Azure
Answer: (c) Firefox -
Which of the following is used to search exact phrase on Google?
(a) *asterisk*
(b) #hashtag
(c) "quoted text"
(d) $dollar
Answer: (c) "quoted text"
🎯 निष्कर्ष (Conclusion):
नेट परीक्षाओं में इंटरनेट और ईमेल जैसे विषयों से बार-बार प्रत्यक्ष प्रश्न पूछे जाते हैं। साथ ही, क्लाउड कंप्यूटिंग और सर्च इंजन से जुड़ी अवधारणाएं भी शिक्षा और अनुसंधान में अत्यंत महत्वपूर्ण हैं।
✍️ Prepared by: Law Order & Civil Rights | Source: UGC NET ICT Syllabus + Internet & Cloud Concepts:contentReference[oaicite:1]{index=1}
📘 Lecture 06: MS Word, PowerPoint & Excel – Basics for Teachers | शिक्षकों के लिए MS वर्ड, पावरपॉइंट व एक्सेल का परिचय
English: MS Office is one of the most widely used software suites in education. For teachers, understanding basic features of MS Word, PowerPoint, and Excel is essential for content creation, data analysis, and presentations.
हिंदी: शैक्षिक कार्यों में MS ऑफिस सुइट का उपयोग बहुत व्यापक है। शिक्षकों के लिए MS Word, PowerPoint और Excel के मूलभूत प्रयोगों की समझ होना आवश्यक है जिससे वे प्रभावी शैक्षिक सामग्री, प्रस्तुति और मूल्यांकन कर सकें।
Previous Year Question Paper of UGC NET Paper 01📄 MS Word – Document Creation
- 📑 Creating, saving, and formatting text documents
- 🔤 Using fonts, paragraph spacing, bullets & numbering
- 📎 Inserting tables, pictures, header-footer, page numbers
- 🔍 Using Spelling & Grammar, Thesaurus, Word Count
- 📁 File types: .doc, .docx, .pdf
📽️ MS PowerPoint – Teaching Presentations
- 🖼️ Designing slides with themes, transitions, animations
- 🔈 Embedding images, audio, video for interactive learning
- 📝 Presenter view, Notes pane, Slide Show settings
- 📚 Use for student seminars, online classes, revision
- 📂 File types: .ppt, .pptx
📊 MS Excel – Data Entry and Analysis
- 🔢 Creating spreadsheets, entering rows & columns
- 📈 Formulas: SUM, AVERAGE, COUNT, IF
- 📉 Charts: Bar, Line, Pie – for analysis and visuals
- 📑 Grade book, attendance sheet, result calculation
- 📁 File types: .xls, .xlsx, .csv
🧠 MCQs – Practice Questions for UGC NET
-
Which software is best suited for creating classroom presentations?
(a) MS Word
(b) MS Excel
(c) MS PowerPoint
(d) MS Access
Answer: (c) MS PowerPoint -
Which function in Excel is used to calculate average?
(a) COUNT()
(b) MEAN()
(c) AVG()
(d) AVERAGE()
Answer: (d) AVERAGE() -
Which feature of MS Word corrects spelling errors automatically?
(a) Word Count
(b) AutoCorrect
(c) Thesaurus
(d) Track Changes
Answer: (b) AutoCorrect
🎯 निष्कर्ष (Conclusion):
MS Word, PowerPoint और Excel के बुनियादी उपयोग NET, शिक्षक भर्ती और उच्च शिक्षा के डिजिटल कार्यों में अत्यंत उपयोगी हैं। इनके टूल्स से न केवल प्रस्तुतिकरण आसान होता है बल्कि डेटा विश्लेषण भी सरल हो जाता है।
✍️ Prepared by: Law Order & Civil Rights | Source: UGC NET ICT Syllabus + MS Office Training Material:contentReference[oaicite:0]{index=0}
📘 Lecture 07: Digital Initiatives in Higher Education | उच्च शिक्षा में डिजिटल पहल
English: The Ministry of Education, Government of India has launched various digital initiatives to improve access, equity, and quality in higher education. These platforms offer free learning resources, credit-based MOOCs, digital certification, and access to national academic infrastructure.
हिंदी: भारत सरकार के शिक्षा मंत्रालय द्वारा उच्च शिक्षा को सुलभ, समान और गुणवत्तापूर्ण बनाने हेतु कई डिजिटल पहलों की शुरुआत की गई है। ये पहलें छात्रों को ई-शिक्षा, डिजिटल सामग्री, क्रेडिट आधारित पाठ्यक्रम और प्रमाणपत्र प्रदान करती हैं।
🌐 प्रमुख डिजिटल पहलें (Major Digital Initiatives):
- 🎓 SWAYAM (Study Webs of Active Learning for Young Aspiring Minds):
- Free online courses for school to postgraduate levels
- Credit Transfer with UGC recognition
- Platforms: NPTEL, AICTE, IGNOU, NCERT - 📚 e-PG Pathshala:
- High-quality e-content for PG courses
- Developed by UGC & INFLIBNET
- Covers 70+ subjects with videos, notes & MCQs - 🧠 NPTEL (National Programme on Technology Enhanced Learning):
- MOOCs for Engineering & Science streams
- Conducted by IITs & IISc
- Certification with proctored exams - 📜 NAD (National Academic Depository):
- Online storehouse of academic awards
- Digital, verifiable degrees and certificates
- Managed by DigiLocker - 📖 NDLI (National Digital Library of India):
- Single window access to e-content
- Available in multiple languages
- Over 3 crore digital resources - 📺 SWAYAM Prabha DTH Channels:
- 34 DTH channels telecasting educational content
- 24x7 content for all levels
- Accessible via TVs and online streaming
🎯 उद्देश्य (Objectives of Digital Education):
- 📌 Inclusive and equitable education
- 📌 Reduce digital divide in rural and urban areas
- 📌 Promote lifelong learning and open access
- 📌 Improve employability and digital literacy
🧠 MCQs – Practice Questions for UGC NET
-
Which initiative provides online PG content with MCQs?
(a) NPTEL
(b) e-PG Pathshala
(c) NAD
(d) NDLI
Answer: (b) e-PG Pathshala -
Which platform digitally stores degrees and certificates?
(a) SWAYAM
(b) NDL
(c) NAD
(d) AICTE
Answer: (c) NAD -
Which IIT-led platform offers Engineering MOOCs?
(a) NPTEL
(b) DIKSHA
(c) NAD
(d) SWAYAM Prabha
Answer: (a) NPTEL
📌 निष्कर्ष (Conclusion):
UGC NET में इन योजनाओं से संबंधित प्रश्न जैसे SWAYAM का उद्देश्य, NAD की कार्यप्रणाली या NPTEL की विशेषताएँ पूछी जाती हैं। इन योजनाओं का उद्देश्य डिजिटल रूप से सक्षम और गुणवत्तापूर्ण उच्च शिक्षा प्रदान करना है।
✍️ Prepared by: Law Order & Civil Rights | Source: UGC NET Syllabus + MHRD Schemes:contentReference[oaicite:1]{index=1}
📘 Lecture 08: ICT Security – Viruses, Firewalls & Encryption | ICT सुरक्षा – वायरस, फ़ायरवॉल और एन्क्रिप्शन
English: ICT Security is the practice of protecting digital information and communication systems from cyber threats. Understanding concepts like viruses, firewalls, and encryption is essential for digital safety and often asked in UGC NET Paper 1.
हिंदी: ICT सुरक्षा का तात्पर्य डिजिटल जानकारी और संचार प्रणालियों को साइबर खतरों से सुरक्षित रखने से है। वायरस, फायरवॉल और एन्क्रिप्शन जैसी अवधारणाएं NET परीक्षा में महत्वपूर्ण हैं और डिजिटल युग में अनिवार्य हो गई हैं।
🦠 Computer Virus | कंप्यूटर वायरस
- Definition: A virus is a malicious software (malware) that replicates and spreads, often damaging files and slowing systems.
- Types: Worms, Trojans, Spyware, Ransomware
- Prevention: Use of antivirus, avoid suspicious downloads/emails
- Popular Antivirus Software: Norton, McAfee, Avast, Quick Heal
🔥 Firewalls
- Definition: A firewall is a security system that monitors and filters incoming and outgoing network traffic.
- Types: Hardware Firewall, Software Firewall
- Purpose: Block unauthorized access, prevent malware communication
- Example: Windows Firewall, Cisco Hardware Firewall
🔐 Encryption
- Definition: Encryption is the process of converting readable data into coded form to prevent unauthorized access.
- Types: Symmetric (same key), Asymmetric (public/private keys)
- Common Use: Online banking, emails, secure websites (HTTPS)
- Tool Examples: SSL/TLS, PGP (Pretty Good Privacy)
📱 Cyber Safety Best Practices | साइबर सुरक्षा के सुझाव
- 🔒 Use strong and unique passwords
- 📲 Enable two-factor authentication
- 📤 Regularly update antivirus software
- ⚠️ Avoid clicking on suspicious links or popups
- ☁️ Back up important data to external or cloud storage
🧠 MCQs – Practice Questions for UGC NET
-
Which of the following protects a system by filtering network traffic?
(a) Virus
(b) RAM
(c) Firewall
(d) Scanner
Answer: (c) Firewall -
What does encryption do?
(a) Removes virus
(b) Speeds up internet
(c) Protects data by converting it to unreadable form
(d) Duplicates files
Answer: (c) Protects data by converting it to unreadable form -
Which is NOT a type of malware?
(a) Trojan
(b) Worm
(c) Firewall
(d) Spyware
Answer: (c) Firewall
🎯 निष्कर्ष (Conclusion):
वर्तमान युग में ICT सुरक्षा की समझ आवश्यक है। UGC NET में बार-बार वायरस, फायरवॉल, एन्क्रिप्शन और साइबर सुरक्षा से संबंधित प्रश्न पूछे जाते हैं। सभी शिक्षार्थियों को इनसे जुड़ी बुनियादी बातों की जानकारी अवश्य होनी चाहिए।
✍️ Prepared by: Law Order & Civil Rights | Source: UGC NET ICT Syllabus + Cybersecurity Standards:contentReference[oaicite:0]{index=0}
📘 Lecture 09: MS Office, Google Tools & Open Source Software | एमएस ऑफिस, गूगल टूल्स व ओपन सोर्स सॉफ्टवेयर
English: Digital tools like Microsoft Office Suite, Google Apps, and Open Source Software have transformed modern education. UGC NET includes questions about their usage, file types, and open-source characteristics.
हिंदी: Microsoft Office, Google टूल्स और ओपन सोर्स सॉफ्टवेयर ने आधुनिक शिक्षा को नई दिशा दी है। UGC NET में इनसे संबंधित कार्यों, फ़ाइल स्वरूपों और विशेषताओं पर आधारित प्रश्न पूछे जाते हैं।
📝 MS Office Tools – Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Outlook
- MS Word: Document creation, formatting, tables, mail merge
- MS Excel: Data entry, formulas, charts, pivot tables
- MS PowerPoint: Slide shows, animations, transitions
- MS Outlook: Email client, calendar, task management
- File Types: .docx, .xlsx, .pptx, .msg
🌐 Google Tools for Education
- Google Docs: Online word processing with collaboration
- Google Sheets: Web-based spreadsheets for data work
- Google Slides: Alternative to PowerPoint
- Google Forms: Quiz, survey, and assignment collection
- Google Drive: 15 GB free cloud storage with file sharing
🔓 Open Source Software (OSS)
- Definition: Software with source code freely available to modify or redistribute
- Examples: LibreOffice, Ubuntu, GIMP, VLC, Mozilla Firefox
- Advantages: Free to use, customizable, community supported
- Difference with Proprietary Software: OSS is free & open; proprietary (e.g. MS Office) is paid & closed source
| Tool | Function | Type |
|---|---|---|
| Google Forms | Online quizzes/surveys | Google App |
| LibreOffice Writer | Document editing | Open Source |
| MS Excel | Data and calculation | Proprietary |
| VLC Media Player | Play videos | Open Source |
🧠 MCQs – Practice Questions for UGC NET
-
Which of the following is an open-source software?
(a) MS Word
(b) Adobe Photoshop
(c) LibreOffice
(d) MS Excel
Answer: (c) LibreOffice -
Google Forms is best used for:
(a) Document creation
(b) File storage
(c) Feedback collection
(d) Spreadsheets
Answer: (c) Feedback collection -
Which is not a part of MS Office?
(a) MS Word
(b) MS Outlook
(c) MS Excel
(d) Google Slides
Answer: (d) Google Slides
🎯 निष्कर्ष (Conclusion):
Open source और proprietary software के बीच का अंतर, Google Apps और MS Office टूल्स का प्रयोग UGC NET ICT के मुख्य विषयों में आता है। इनसे संबंधित प्रत्यक्ष प्रश्नों की संभावना अधिक रहती है।
✍️ Prepared by: Law Order & Civil Rights | Source: UGC NET ICT Syllabus + MHRD E-learning Toolkit:contentReference[oaicite:0]{index=0}
📘 Lecture 10: ICT in Research – Online Databases, Digital Libraries & E-Resources | अनुसंधान में ICT की भूमिका
English: ICT plays a vital role in academic and scientific research. From accessing scholarly databases to organizing research through digital libraries and using citation tools, technology has made research more efficient and globally accessible.
हिंदी: ICT ने अनुसंधान कार्य को अधिक सुलभ, संगठित और प्रभावशाली बनाया है। डिजिटल पुस्तकालय, ऑनलाइन डेटाबेस, और ई-रिसोर्सेज की सहायता से शोधार्थी व्यापक साहित्य समीक्षा, डेटा विश्लेषण और प्रकाशन प्रक्रिया को सुगमता से पूर्ण कर सकते हैं।
🔍 Online Databases (ऑनलाइन डेटाबेस)
- Definition: Structured collection of scholarly and research content available online.
- Types: Bibliographic, Full-Text, Citation Databases
- Popular Databases:
- 🔬 Scopus: Abstract and citation database
- 📖 JSTOR: Humanities, Social Science, and Legal Journals
- 📚 ERIC (Education Resources Information Center): Education-focused research
- 🔎 PubMed: Biomedical and health research
- 🎓 Shodhganga: Indian thesis and dissertation repository
📚 Digital Libraries (डिजिटल पुस्तकालय)
- Definition: Digital collection of books, journals, articles, and academic content.
- National Digital Library of India (NDLI): Integrated platform for students and researchers
- Features: Multi-language access, subject categorization, student dashboard
- Other Examples: Project Gutenberg, Internet Archive
📂 E-Resources (ई-संसाधन)
- Types: E-books, E-journals, Conference Proceedings, Reports
- Access through: University portals, N-LIST, INFLIBNET
- Benefits: 24x7 availability, global access, eco-friendly, cost-effective
🧠 Research Support Tools
- 📑 Reference Managers: Mendeley, Zotero, EndNote
- 📝 Plagiarism Checkers: Turnitin, Urkund
- 🔠 Citation Styles: APA, MLA, Chicago, ILI
- 📈 Research Metrics: H-index, Impact Factor, Citation Count
🧠 MCQs – Practice Questions for UGC NET
-
Which database is known for abstract and citation indexing?
(a) JSTOR
(b) Shodhganga
(c) Scopus
(d) Project Gutenberg
Answer: (c) Scopus -
NDLI is a project under which of the following?
(a) UGC
(b) MHRD
(c) CSIR
(d) ICSSR
Answer: (b) MHRD -
Which of the following is a plagiarism detection tool?
(a) Zotero
(b) EndNote
(c) Turnitin
(d) Mendeley
Answer: (c) Turnitin
🎯 निष्कर्ष (Conclusion):
ICT उपकरण जैसे ऑनलाइन डेटाबेस, डिजिटल पुस्तकालय और संदर्भ प्रबंधन टूल शोध की गुणवत्ता और पारदर्शिता को बढ़ाते हैं। UGC NET परीक्षा में इन टूल्स और पोर्टल्स से संबंधित प्रश्न प्रत्यक्ष रूप से पूछे जाते हैं।
✍️ Prepared by: Law Order & Civil Rights | Source: UGC NET ICT Syllabus + Research Databases:contentReference[oaicite:0]{index=0}
📝 प्रत्येक लेक्चर के लिंक पर क्लिक करके आप विस्तृत नोट्स, उदाहरण, परिभाषाएं, और संभावित परीक्षा प्रश्नों के साथ अध्ययन कर सकते हैं।
✍️ Author: Law Order & Civil Rights
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